GPT-5.1 Codex Max vs Qwen2.5 72B Instruct

GPT-5.1 Codex Max

OpenAI

GPT-5.1 Codex Max, released by OpenAI in November 2025, is an enhanced coding variant from the GPT-5.1 Codex line, designed for more complex software engineering tasks requiring additional reasoning depth. It targets large-scale code generation, automated refactoring, and sophisticated agentic development workflows.

Alibaba / Qwen

Qwen2.5-72B-Instruct is the flagship of Alibaba's Qwen2.5 series, a 72-billion-parameter open-weight model released in September 2024 after training on 18 trillion tokens spanning code, mathematics, and multilingual text. It offers strong generalist performance across coding, instruction-following, and structured reasoning while remaining fully open-weight under Apache 2.0 — a combination that made it a widely referenced model in open-source evaluations and community benchmarking. The 128K context window and built-in structured output support made it a common choice for document analysis and multi-step agentic pipeline development.